Vacuum Isibambi senaliti esiSetyenzisiweyo
Inkcazelo emfutshane:
1) Isetyenziselwa ukudibanisa zombini inaliti yokucoca kunye netyhubhu yokuqokelela igazi.
2) Emva kokuvala inzala, nceda usebenzise imveliso ngaphambi kokuphelelwa yisikhathi.Ukuba i-cap yokukhusela ikhululekile okanye yonakele, nceda ungayisebenzisi.
3) Yimveliso enye.Musa ukuyisebenzisa okwesibini.
4) Kwimpilo yakho, musa ukusebenzisa i-lancet yegazi efanayo nomnye umntu.
Imbali ye-In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) kunye nokudluliselwa kwe-embryo (ET) ibuyele emva kwe-1890s xa uWalter Heape unjingalwazi kunye nogqirha kwiYunivesithi yaseCambridge, eNgilani, owayeqhuba uphando malunga nokuzala kwinani leentlobo zezilwanyana. , yanika ingxelo ngemeko yokuqala eyaziwayo yofakelo lwe-embryo kwimivundla, kwakudala ngaphambi kokuba izicelo zokuzala kwabantu zicetyiswe.
Ngowe-1932, 'Ihlabathi Elitsha Elinobukroti' lapapashwa ngu-Aldous Huxley.Kule noveli yentsomi yesayensi, u-Huxley wachaza ngokwenyani ubuchule be-IVF njengoko siyayazi.Kwiminyaka emihlanu kamva kwi-1937, umhleli wavela kwiNew England Journal of Medicine (NEJM 1937, 21 Oktobha) ephawulekayo.
"Ukuqonda kwiglasi yewotshi: 'Ilizwe elitsha elinobukroti' lika-Aldous Huxley lisenokuba lisondele ngakumbi. UPincus kunye no-Enzmann baqale inyathelo elinye kwangethuba ngomvundla, behlukanisa iqanda, balichumisa kwiglasi yewotshi baze baphinde balifake kwenye imazi. kunalowo unike i-oocyte kwaye ngaloo ndlela baye basungula ngempumelelo ukukhulelwa kwisilwanyana esingatshatanga.
Ngomnyaka we-1934 uPincus no-Enzmann, beLabhoratri ye-General Physiology kwiYunivesithi yaseHarvard, bapapasha iphepha kwiiNkcukacha ze-National Academy of Sciences yase-USA, bephakamisa ukuba kungenzeka ukuba amaqanda e-mammalian angafumana uphuhliso oluqhelekileyo kwi-vitro.Kwiminyaka elishumi elinesine kamva, ngo-1948, uMiriam Menken kunye noJohn Rock bakhupha ii-oocyte ezingaphezu kwama-800 kubasetyhini ngexesha lokusebenza kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo.Ikhulu elinamashumi amathathu anesibhozo kwezi oocyte zavezwa kwi-spermatozoa in vitro.Ngowe-1948, bapapasha amava abo kwi-American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Nangona kunjalo, bekungekho kude kube yi-1959 ukuba ubungqina obungenakuphikiswa be-IVF bufunyenwe ngu-Chang (Chang MC, Ukuchumisa kwe-rabbit ova in vitro. umvundla) nge-IVF.Amaqanda asandul 'ukuvuthwa adityaniswa, i-vitro ngokufukanyelwa kunye ne-sperm capacitated kwi-flask encinci ye-Carrel kwiiyure ze-4, ngaloo ndlela ivula indlela yokuncedisa ukuzala.
